Container infrastructure and microservices

ayshakhatunasha

Microservice architecture
Microservice architecture is a type of application architecture that is an alternative to monolithic architecture.

In a monolithic architecture, a service is a complex system consisting of closely interconnected components that exchange data via “heavyweight” protocols – both open (for example, SOAP, XML-RPC) and proprietary.

In a microservice architecture, a virtual phone number service service includes small and loosely coupled modules – microservices – that interact via “low-cost” network protocols (in the REST style and using, for example, JSON, Protocol Buffers, Thrift).

Features of microservice architecture:

modules can be easily replaced at any time;
each module is designed to perform a specific function;
modules can be implemented using various programming languages ​​and frameworks;
The modules are in a peer-to-peer dependency relationship with each other.
Container infrastructure
Microservices are most often run in container environments, with each microservice typically isolated in a separate container or a small group of containers. These containers are accessible over the network to other microservices and users.

Containerization (or operating system-level virtualization) is a virtualization technique that allows the operating system kernel to support not one, but multiple instances of user space. These instances are called containers. In terms of the processes they execute, containers are identical to individual instances of the operating system. Programs in different containers cannot affect each other. The containers themselves are stored in the host operating system.

Containerization can create both almost full-fledged instances of operating systems and solutions that provide isolation of individual services with a minimal operating environment. The second group includes the Docker solution.



Docker containers
What is Docker? It is free software that is used to automatically deploy and manage applications in container environments. In other words, it is an application containerizer.

The key feature of Docker is that it allows you to “package” an application or a self-contained component of an application with its entire environment and all dependencies into a container. This container can then be deployed to any Linux operating system that supports control groups in the kernel. Such containers are called Docker containers.

It is important to note that the functionality of the component is almost entirely ensured by the developer, since it is he who “packs” all the necessary dependencies and libraries into the container. The developer must ensure that the component or application in the container behaves as intended.

In addition, Docker allows you to monitor how containers are stored and where they are operated.

Deploying Services with Docker
Docker allows you to "roll up" a separate module of any system or several such modules into a container. They can then be quickly deployed in any segment of the infrastructure.

Unlike software distributions, Docker containers do not require additional installation of related libraries and modules.

While a hypervisor is needed to virtualize computing power, Docker containers can be deployed in almost any Linux environment. In addition, running such containers together on a single host requires less computing resources than running two separate virtual machines.

Thus, containerization is the most promising way of delivering (deploying) components of complex software systems.


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